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Drawing a force you cannot see

PHY-3 Fields push and pull across empty spaceX-3 Look from another side
What many people think

Charges only feel a force when they touch.

The idea

Field lines leave positive charges and end on negative ones; where they crowd together the force on a test charge is strongest.

Try it yourself

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Explain it

A friend says a charged balloon can only move a scrap of paper if they touch. Using the words “field”, “line” and “distance”, explain what you would see as the balloon comes closer, and why.

Try at home

Rub a balloon on wool or dry hair, then bring it slowly toward tiny bits of tissue paper, or toward a thin stream of tap water. Notice how far away it starts to act, and how much faster the effect grows as it gets closer. Works best on a dry day.

School grade (for reference): China 11 · US 12 · UK (year) 12